Business Plan For A Business Essay - 1708 Words

Whether you are planning to start a brand-new business, expand an existing company, or get financing for a business venture, you will need to write a business plan. A business plan not only lends your business a sense of credibility, but also helps you to cover all your bases, increasing your chances of success. Although writing a business plan can be a lengthy, intimidating project, it is not necessarily difficult. Here is an overview of how to write a successful business plan. What to Include in Your Business Plan Your business plan needs to demonstrate that you have thoroughly considered all aspects of running your business. To that end, the standard business plan has nine major sections, covering everything from your business s mission statement to a detailed financial analysis. Executive Summary The first - and most important - section of your business plan is the executive summary. This section is so important that it should literally be the first thing the reader sees - even before the table of contents! However, it should also be written last, as you ll have a better understanding of the overall message of your business plan after you ve researched and written the other sections. One of the most important parts of the executive summary is the mission statement. The mission statement is only three or four sentences long, but it should pack the most punch out of everything else in your business plan: Those four sentences are responsible for not onlyShow MoreRelatedBusiness Plan For A Business1223 Words   |  5 Pagesyour own business is to prepare a business plan. A business plan is a written document describing your business future. It tells potential investors and customers what your goals are for the company and how you plan to achieve that. You will need to define your business, products and services, operating procedures and the route your company intends to take to achieve the goals that are set forth. This information summarizes the sense of your business in a single document. Business plans are inherentlyRead MoreBusiness Plan For A Business998 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Prior to initiating a business, it is necessary for the management and the people involved to make sure that a proper business plan is set out in order to understand the needs of the business. In addition to this, it should also be made sure that the market is properly analysed and all the competitors are studied before taking any step related to the new business. Every business has different needs and is initiated in a different scenario. The business plan under evaluation in this paperRead MoreBusiness Plan For A Business1276 Words   |  6 PagesA business plan is sometimes ignored by some people, but I think it is important to develop a good business plan. I think this should be an interesting topic to discuss about. Yesterday, I receive a phone call from a new client asking for help to build a business plan for his new business. My role in this part as a business consultant is to not blindly do the work for my client but asking them questions to generate information about his i deas, and level of involvement to better help him build hisRead MoreBusiness Plan For A Business840 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Business plans are statement of a business goals, reason they are attainable and plans on meeting it’ (FoxBuisness, 2013). A business plan maps the course and gives a detail plan on how these goals are achievable. It is also important to establish a solid business plan for funding. Some small business use venture capital, bank loans, personal funds, and private investors as sources of funding. The business plan must therefore, sell investors. A well-written convincing business plan can buy investorsRead MoreAn Business Plan For A Business Essay1394 Words   |  6 Pagescelebration. This business sells games and other entertainment products. This business is commercial, but has a social conscience. It wants to sell to service a need, but also hopes to enrich the lives of those it serves as it addresses a need for meaning, not just connection or celebration. This business produces original IP to compete in the entertainment industry. This business will not produce entertainment that is divisive or for purely solitary consumption. This business might start withRead MoreBusiness Plan For A Business1221 Words   |  5 PagesBusiness plans are documents used for planning out specific details about your business. They can range in size from a simple few sentences to more than 100 pages with formal sections, a table of contents and a title page. According to Entrepreneur Magazine, typical business plans average 15 to 20 pages. Comprehensive business plans have three sections business concept, marketplace and financial and these are broken down into seven components that include the overview or summary of the plan, a descriptionRead MoreBusiness Plan For A Business1546 Words   |  7 Pagesenterprise, especially a business, usually with considerable initiative or risk†. They are usually characterized as people with greatly valued self-reliance, with high optimism and people who who strive for distinction through excellence. I am interested in starting my own basketball business and becoming an entrepreneur. In order to start a business I need a business plan. From research, I have learned that my business plan needs to have an executive summary, identification of my business, financial recordsRead MoreBusiness Plan For A Business2550 Words   |  11 PagesActivities 1. Review current menu in terms of business focus 2. Get staff feedback 3. Get customer feedback 4. Point out restaurant goals and business 5. Write menu redesigning proposal 6. Get restaurant owners approval 7. Initiate stake holder support 8. Get stake holders approval and contribution 9. Redesign new menu 10. Trail with restaurant stake holders 11. Modify the trail menu 12. Mass print the modified RESOURCES 1. Restaurant business plan, current menu, current and historical sales reportRead MoreBusiness Plan For A Business1866 Words   |  8 Pages Business Plan Buiness model in theory and practice according to Wikipedia is used for a broad range of informal and forma l descriptions to represent the core aspects of a business, including the purposes of that business, its process, target customers, of ferings, strategies , infrastructure, organizational structures, trading practice, and operational processes and policies . Below, we would look at two kinds of business model (franchise and tradition al business) , their pros and cons, o r theirRead MoreBusiness Plan For A Business2550 Words   |  11 PagesActivities 1. Review current menu in terms of business focus 2. Get staff feedback 3. Get customer feedback 4. Point out restaurant goals and business 5. Write menu redesigning proposal 6. Get restaurant owners approval 7. Initiate stake holder support 8. Get stake holders approval and contribution 9. Redesign new menu 10. Trail with restaurant stake holders 11. Modify the trail menu 12. Mass print the modified RESOURCES 1. Restaurant business plan, current menu, current and historical sales report

The True Meaning of Good School Essay Topics

The True Meaning of Good School Essay Topics So, the best method to compose a fantastic persuasive essay is to discover a theme you're familiarized with and wish to share your experience with the reader. There's no room to seek and discover what sort of reading experiences you love if all of your reading time is taken up with stuff you're assigned. At times it only appears simple, but lots of students forget about the kind of academic writing they have to follow. You have to come across good evidence to strengthen your ideas along with examples to illustrate the evidence. What You Don't Know About Good School Essay Topics Year round school isn't a good idea. Folks can come across new friends or do not need to be concerned about if their friend has the identical lunch as them, because everybody is together at once. Life is far better than it was 50 decades ago. Our life is about words. Good School Essay Topics Features Students also have the time to meet to do projects t ogether rather than meeting after school. They lead busy lives and often forget about an upcoming deadline. They should be allowed to pray in school. They are used to the fact that their professors give them the assignment's topic. Writing about nuclear weapons is always a superb idea. School tests aren't effective. The best strategies to accept the society and allow it to be accept you. Very often it becomes tough to choose a single topic either on account of the many ideas in the student's head, or due to their complete absence. Some students utilize the very first idea that arrives in their head and work on it, but the outcome isn't successful. Irrespective of how much you'll be taking that day, there are a few ways that can help you get through the essay with a very low quantity of stress. The Hidden Truth About Good School Essay Topics Well, the reply isn't too obvious here. Nobody really wishes to compose an essay. When you are finished with your essay, you must not just check it for spelling and grammatical errors, but nevertheless, it also has to be checked for logical fallacies. Don't neglect to bring a strong hook at the beginning (introduction paragraph) and wind up with an impressive conclusion to earn the reader want to go over the interesting persuasive essay topics of your pick. In this kind of situation, it's more convenient to locate ready-made essays and use them as an example. There are many steps that you should take so as to compose an exceptional essay. Choosing topics for argumentative essays is crucial for your general success. When it has to do with the middle school, the argumentative essay consists of moderate topics. As soon as you have the topic, answer the question and after that support your answer with three or more explanations for why you believe it. There are a few great topics to think about when deciding on a topic for your argumentative essay. Perhaps, you will find just what you need in different categories. It is possible to pick topics from assorted lists of ready themes. With the assistance of our tips for writing and our interesting collection of topics, you're guaranteed to acquire a high grade! Most themes will require some particular understanding, meaning that the search for facts and statistics and extra details will take much moment. The Good School Essay Topics Cover Up In reality, a great deal of argumentative essays are in reality persuasive papers. An argumentative paper is part of the persuasion. If when you are preparing a report you merely analyze specific literature, the essay demands an excellent penetration into the issue. Make sure that you have lots of toilet paper. Another good idea is to receive some totally free essay examples of different kinds and on various subjects to find a general idea of the way in which a thriving debatable paper looks. There are just a few things that define whether an essay you're working on is going to be a good one. If it's necessary to compose your whole essay in 1 day, do your very best to give yourself breaks so you don't burn out.

Transport Traffic Management free Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Transport Traffic Management System. Answer: Introduction The transport traffic management is the intrigued part of the government logistic management where a logical system of communication, technology and man management has been implemented for the smooth moving of vehicles on road. A systematic planning, management and implementation on daily basis are needed for the transport traffic management system. A traffic management plan is essential for formulating the traffic management system on area specific vehicle concentration, the importance of the area and parking management including maintenance and design. A daily basis data need to be collected for implementation of the area specific traffic plan. A traffic control system and surveillance is an integral part of the traffic control and implementation system. In urban traffic control system, the authority needs to address many challengeswhile implementing traffic management system which is a major portion of the discussion. A complex network of roadways, general public accumulation and vehicle concentration are major factors for addressing traffic management challenges. In this discussion, traffic management problems andprevious research work for implementing urban traffic control system have been mention in the literature review. National road transport commission has developed road traffic legislations like road traffic act 1961 and some new incorporation also has in been done and an updated traffic rule has been implemented in 2013. Problem: The complexity and traffic management system issues depend upon the magnitude of the city and provinces across Australia. Population concentration and vehicle versus population ratio in a specific areacontributes to the challenges for traffic management system (Aminiet al. 2016, p.187). Some ofthe important urban transport problems in Australia are: Traffic congestion and parking difficulties:traffic congestion is induced in urban traffic system due to the vehicle concentration and available space for parking. The present urban infrastructure could not accommodate the growing vehicle pressure and henceforth a growing traffic congestion in urban areas. The frequency of commercial areas and highly populated areas are few major issues for implementing the traffic management system. Availability of the parking space and vehicle accommodation for the longer period is another reason for traffic congestion. The present parking infrastructure could not accommodate a huge number of parking demand in urban areas (White, 2016, p.32). Inadequate public transport: The public transit system is not sufficiently available with the growing pressure of commuters in busy hours. Therefore a degree of discomfort and an uncomfortable situation arises from the public transit system. Many regular public transport commuters are choosing another mode of transportation which incurs financial instability in public transport agencies which are the major reason for infrastructure failure. Though there are huge government aid and support to these public transit agencies, a notable failure of these public transit system could be observed. These agencies even failed to collect periodic operating and capital cost (Djahel et 2015, p.127). Loss of public space: The concentration of publicly owned areas in the urban infrastructure induces challenges in implementing traffic management system. The growing commercial spaces like market areas, restaurants, shops are reducing the area for vehicle movement. Apart from commercial activity general public interactions like games, parade, political demonstrations and major social events will cause transport hindrance and henceforth traffic congestion. Smooth traffic movement helps to maintain public interaction and commercial activity (Schneider et 2017, p.70). High maintenance cost: the urban infrastructure with its age factor incurs more maintenance costfor transport management system (Schneider et 2017, p. 70). With the growing vehicle pressure, the infrastructure is also needed to be updated. The total cost of updating and maintaining getting higher day by day. Any delay in maintenance could induce traffic congestion hence failure in traffic management system. Extensive and complex roadways network at any section of the city could induce more maintain ace cost (Buchanan, 2015, p.31). Environmental impact and energy consumption:population, creating noise pollution and air pollution could affect the urban life including the health of the general population. Energy consumption by urban transport has been increased significantly.The increasing environmental factors and energy consumption induces more mobility expectation which in turn increases the pressure on traffic management system (Enoch, 2016, p.69). Longer commuting: the major portion of the time people spend on commuting from different commercial facilities and home. Due to the location of the remote establishment of the home as with increasing financial pressure, people tend to establish their home outside the town, the average commute time has increased (Litman, 2015, p.513). Accident and safety: In developing countries, with the increasing number of traffic network and vehicles, the number of accidents and mishaps also increased. Accident incurs delay and obstruction in traffic system (Rimmer, 2013, p.87). Sub-problem: Underpricing and consumer choice: Due to the excessive usage of roads and public transport system and lack of maintenance, the roadway infrastructure condition is getting worse. A free roadway and partially bearing the cost of the vehicle, the over usage indirectly affecting the traffic management system (Elhamodet al. 2013, p.53). Planning and investment practice: the distribution of public fund for ensuring the effective implementation of traffic management system is needed. Lack of transportation alternatives could incur congestion in urban roadway network (Zhou et al. 2015, p.131). Literature review Advanced traffic management system (ATMS): this traffic management system responsibility is distributed into differentmanagement hierarchy to improve the flow of vehicle in the complex network of roadways in urban areas. Real-time data has been collected from different sources like installed cameras, speed sensors will help ATMS to analyse the traffic condition and improvisations necessary for the smooth movement of the vehicles in the pressure situation. A transport management centre has been formed for the functionality of the advanced traffic management system. The predominant goals have been formulated by ATMSfor increasing efficiency of the advanced traffic management system, to increase mobility and safety, controlling environmental factors like less fuel consumption and gas emission (Wang et al. 2015, p.101). Intelligent transportation system: According to the ordinance of European Union 2010/40/EU, the intelligent transport system is defined as the application of information system management and communication technological support.A complex network of infrastructure,vehicles and users has been formed for the implementation of the traffic management system in urban areas for vehicle mobility and road safety. The intelligent transport system is comprised of traffic signal controlling system, satellite navigation system for live update of the current traffic situation. Automatic number plate detection system and cameras have been installed for the controlling the speed of the vehicles is an integral part of the traffic management system (Osorio et al. 2015, p.641). Traffic management plan: Anarea specific planning is necessary for the movement of the vehicles in urban roadways network. The traffic management plan comprises the design of the complex network of roadways, implementation of the plan and maintenance. The temporary congestion removal using manually and intelligent traffic control system is also a part of the traffic management plan. According to this plan,vehicles, cyclists and the general population on street have been directed towards their desired destination using intelligent signalling system, satellite navigation system, on road displays and LEDs. Urban parking management is also a part of the traffic management plan (Hollnagel, 2014, p.73). Parking management system: It is an integral part of the modern traffic management system in urban areas all over the world. It is a mechanical parking system installed in commercial parking areas and urban areas where less space is available for the parking facility. There are two types of car parking system that is mechanical and traditional. Mechanical car parking system is more cost effective than traditional card parking system. It also saves the car parking area. High capacity hydrologic systems are used for lifting cars to its desired position. This car parking system is cost effective as it takes less area and volume for parking (Hollnagel, 2014, p.73). Traffic signal management and control system It is defined as the software controlled signalling system in four road crossing in urban areas. There is a fixed set of algorithms for maintaining the four-way traffic in regular interval. It has been designed on the basis of collected data on daily basis and fixed set of algorithms has been implemented for controlling the signals differently in the different section of the day. The signalling system is has been designed for different traffic pressures and could be modified during traffic congestion. The whole system allows the smooth movement of the traffic during all time intervals of the day (Rautet al.2016, p.117). Approaches and methods Road Transport act 1999: Objective: This act is implemented for road safety and traffic management for providing uniform road transport system in urban Australian provinces (Swanston et al. 2014, p.93) This act is the modification of the previously acting road transport act for road safety and uniform transportation mobility all over Australian roadways (Chang et al.2013, p.460). This act is implemented for enhancing safety measures in roadways of Australia. This act is diminishing the implementation cost of traffic management system. This act is applicable for the commuters and roadways users in New South Wales and empowering the authority to issue licences in this province under the parliamentary regulation (Barfield et al. 2014, p.93). Traffic act 1909 Under this act, there are some amendments and new regulations are implemented for road safety and traffic management. Under this act, camera detection device has been approved for taking pictures of the number plate of the vehicle by on-duty traffic personnel whereas camera recording devices are also been approved for recording speeding vehicle (Young et al.2015, p.357). Speed measuring device is approved for recording speeding vehicles on roadways and controlling the vehicles birching safety measures on road. Breath analysis instruments are also approved for preventing drunk driving on the roadway network in the provinces. According to the Traffic act 1909, driving licence means which in proposed in road transport act 1998 that is Driving Licence act 1998 (Rahnamaeiet al. 2015,p.88). Driving Licence act 1998 This act is implemented for proving driving licence and authorising the driver for using roadways under Australian provinces monitored under parliamentary governance. The main objectives of driving licence act is To establish the driving licence system in Australian province This act is enacted for assigning on road responsibilities for road safety and regulations. Driving licence act 1998 has been provided with a tool for identifying the person on road as the driving licence holder. It is also established a fixed set of safety standards on road for drivers (Al-Kharusiet al. 2014, p.1015). National Road Transport Commission It is defined as the independent body for establishing commonwealth road transport legislations. It has been formed by the agreement for establishing roadways passages between governments formed under commonwealth. The national road transport commission is working on the agreement for operating in nine jurisdictions in Australian province. This commission is implemented for improving transport productivity and safety in the nine Australian provinces. Another concern for the implementation of the law is reducing air pollution due to carbon emission in commonwealth regions (Sundaret al. 2015, p.1113). Result and Discussion In the 21st century, the major problem in urban development is the population explosion. Theusual concentration of general population on road has been increased significantly. With the increase in population and easy availability and increasing affordability, the concentration of vehicles also has been increased. Backdated traffic management system could not hold the pressure of the everyday pedestrian and vehicles including commercial and domestic. While implementing the urban development planning there are some major issues could be seen for maintaining functionality of the roadways and hence the functionality of the cities. There are some major challenges has been emerged while implementing the urban development plan (Buchanan, 2015, p.31). These problems are increasing traffic and parking issues around central areas of the cities and especially in commercial areas. There has been inadequate public transport facility in the major cities as the public transport system has been upda ted along with the increasing general populations. As a consequence, commuters losing interest on public transport facility for increasing pressure and discomfort. Hence the transport system is running under heavy loss though a significant subsidy has been provided by the governments. The transport system needs to be updated to contemporary standards and facilities for attracting commuters and initiative should be taken for reviving the public transport system. The public space around the cities has been decreasing as shops, commercial areas are taking over free spaces in urban areas. As a result, the concentration of general population that is pedestrians and cyclists has been increased on road. This also incurs the traffic congestion and loss of traffic mobility in the busy period of time. Government agencies need to plan for increasing public space for addressing traffic congestion and restoring mobility in urban areas. There has been a major concern of greenhouse gases as with t he increasing vehicle concentration, theemission of gases also has beenincreased. Environmental issues also need to be addressed for the urban development execution.another major challenge for government transport agencies is to address the maintenancecost for the urban transport system (Litman, 2015, p. 513). For accommodating the increasing number of population and vehicles the urban transport system and traffic management system need to update in the regular interval which is itself a major cost along with maintenance. There has been a modern approach to resolving these challenges while implementing the urban transport system such as Advanced traffic management system, Intelligent transportation system, Traffic management plan and Traffic signal management and control system. As the number of commercial areas has been increased in the urban cities, the parking problem is been a major issue in traffic management system. Modern technologically updated hydraulic parking system has b een implemented for addressing the parking issue which saves the parking area and building space. There has been much legislation incorporated regarding the safety and regulation of the transport management system in Commonwealthas well as Australian provinces such as Road Transport act 1999, Traffic act 1909 and Driving Licence act 1998 for on road safety and regulation. Driving licencing has been done for on road commuters for identification and controlling the computers to prevent breaking laws. These acts and systematic traffic management system help to evolve a modern traffic management scenario for urban development (Osorio et al. 2015, p.641). Conclusion It has been concluded from above discussion is that the traffic management system is an integral part of the urban development system. With increasing population explosion, urban development and planning are the significant challenges for governmentsworldwide. A great necessity for developing roadways networking in urban development has been in great demand. From the discussion, it could be seen that many challenges have been developed for implementing urban development system. A traffic management system needs to be incorporated as a part of the urban development systemfor the encountering the challenges. Traffic congestion and lack of public transport are the major problems for implementing traffic management system. A systematic traffic control and signal control system could be the solution for traffic congestion. There aremany significantlegislations have been developed for Commonwealth and Australia province for addressing major issues while implementing the traffic management system. These legislations are helpful for implementing roadways regulation and safety measures whereas driving licence legislation help to identify the people on road and manage. Hence A modern traffic management system comprises of intelligent traffic control system, the network of roadways and significantly developed roadways safety acts and regulation acts for controlling and maintaining the urban population for smooth movement of the vehicles. The well-knitted traffic management system helps to build an area specific economy in developed countries. References Al-Kharusi, H. and Al-Bahadly, I., 2014.Intelligent parking management system based on image processing.World Journal of Engineering and Technology,2014. Amini, S., Papapanagiotou, E. and Busch, F., 2016.Traffic Management for Major Events.Digital Mobility Platforms and Ecosystems, p.187. Bahadorimonfared, A., Soori, H., Mehrabi, Y., Delpisheh, A., Esmaili, A., Salehi, M. and Bakhtiyari, M., 2013.Trends of fatal road traffic injuries in Iran (20042011).PloS one,8(5), p.e65198. Barfield, W. and Dingus, T.A., 2014.Human factors in intelligent transportation systems.Psychology Press. Bassani, M., Dalmazzo, D., Marinelli, G. and Cirillo, C., 2014.The effects of road geometrics and traffic regulations on driver-preferred speeds in northern Italy.An exploratory analysis.Transportation research part F: traffic psychology and behaviour,25, pp.10-26. Buchanan, C., 2015.Traffic in Towns: A study of the long term problems of traffic in urban areas. Routledge Chang, X., Chen, B.Y., Li, Q., Cui, X., Tang, L. and Liu, C., 2013. Estimating real-time traffic carbon dioxide emissions based on intelligent transportation system technologies.IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems,14(1), pp.469-479. Djahel, S., Doolan, R., Muntean, G.M. and Murphy, J., 2015. A communications-oriented perspective on traffic management systems for smart cities: Challenges and innovative approaches.IEEE Communications Surveys Tutorials,17(1), pp.125-151 Djahel, S., Salehie, M., Tal, I. and Jamshidi, P., 2013, March.Adaptive traffic management for secure and efficient emergency services in smart cities. InPervasive Computing and Communications Workshops (PERCOM Workshops), 2013 IEEE International Conference on(pp. 340-343). IEEE. Elhamod, M. and Levine, M.D., 2013.Automated real-time detection of potentially suspicious behavior in public transport areas.IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems,14(2), pp.688-699. Enoch, M., 2016.Sustainable transport, mobility management and travel plans. Routledge. Hollnagel, E., 2014.Safety-I and safetyII: the past and future of safety management. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. Litman, T., 2015.Evaluating public transit benefits and costs. Victoria Transport Policy Institute. Osorio, C. and Nanduri, K., 2015. Energy-efficient urban traffic management: a microscopic simulation-based approach.Transportation Science,49(3), pp.637-651. Rahnamaei, M., Farhudi, R., Salarvandian, F. and Dijst, M., 2015. The Impact of Socioeconomic Conditions and Traffic Management on the Number of Intercity Trips in Tehran (the Cases of: Shykhhady, Qeytarieh and QezelqaleNeighborhoods).Journal of Urban Economics and Management,3(10), pp.77-93. Raut, S.P. and Pachghare, A., 2016. Advanced Traffic Management System (ATMS) for Reducing Congestion and Collisions on Road. Rimmer, P.J., 2013.Rikisha to rapid transit: urban public transport systems and policy in Southeast Asia. Elsevier. Schneider, L. and Moses, M., 2017.Guide to traffic management part 11: parking(No. AGTM11-17). Sundar, R., Hebbar, S. and Golla, V., 2015.Implementing intelligent traffic control system for congestion control, ambulance clearance, and stolen vehicle detection.IEEE Sensors Journal,15(2), pp.1109-1113. Swanston, T., Yen, K., Ravani, B. and Lasky, T., 2014.Enhancement and Technical Support of Intelligent Roadway Information System (IRIS) in Caltrans Districts 1, 2, 5 and 10(No. CA12-2293). Wang, R., Wu, Y., Ke, W., Zhang, S., Zhou, B. and Hao, J., 2015. Can propulsion and fuel diversity for the bus fleet achieve the winwin strategy of energy conservation and environmental protection?.Applied Energy,147, pp.92-103. White, P.R., 2016.Public transport: its planning, management and operation. Routledge. Young, K.L. and Salmon, P.M., 2015. Sharing the responsibility for driver distraction across road transport systems: a systems approach to the management of distracted driving.Accident Analysis Prevention,74, pp.350-359. Zhou, X., Tanvir, S., Lei, H., Taylor, J., Liu, B., Rouphail, N.M. and Frey, H.C., 2015.Integrating a simplified emission estimation model and mesoscopic dynamic traffic simulator to efficiently evaluate emission impacts of traffic management strategies.Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment,37, pp.123-136.

Packet Generator Essays (904 words) - Network Performance

Packet Generator When it comes to real-world network throughput, there are as many opinions about network performance as there are network installations. Every network site is unique, and the performance of the network is a function of the number of stations contending for access to the Ethernet, the type of hardware in use (station interfaces, switches), the layout of the cables (are they the right type, right length, and do they meet the configuration guidelines?), the quality of the cable installation and the mix of applications. However, with the ever-increasing number of networks, the traffic over the Internet is going to be saturated and performance will be down. In light of this problem, the testing, simulating and troubleshooting of a network device become very important. Therefore, in order to develop a more efficient and effective method, the project's goals is ? To provide the users more functions and flexibility in terms of the packet arrival pattern and the packet size generation. ? To assess network or the network component's ability to support the given traffic load in terms of packet loss, delay, delay jitters etc. ? To source and sink real-time multicast/unicast UDP/IP traffic flows with optional support for operation with ISI's "rsvpd". ? To transmit, receive and log time-stamped, sequence numbered packets. ? To provide a traffic controller using the Leaky Bucket method. INTRODUCTION Informations Technology personnel often look to network benchmark tests to measure monitor and predict the performance of the LANs. This is especially valuable in the case of high-performance backbones that continually support a large number of users and consistently high traffic volumes. However, the current technology of packet generator is very limited in functionality and usage. The project will aim to increase the flexibility of the packet generator in the following areas: ? Increase the range of options and flexibility with regards to the packet transmission pattern. ? Instead of just specifying the packet size, the user would be able to specify the distribution function he/she wants to be implemented. ? Add a traffic controller module to control the number of generated packets that is being sent to the network. ? Implementing the leaky bucket method and combining it with the dropping method for the traffic controller. HIGHER-LEVEL BLOCK DIAGRAM OF SYSTEM CONCEPT OF LEAKY BUCKET DROPPING METHOD LEAKY BUCKET ALGORITHM Background Our project was actually spawned from the idea of MGEN. It was actually designed and developed by The Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). Multi-Generator or MGEN is currently running on most operating systems, namely SunOS 4.1.x, Solaris 2.x, Intel-based Linux, NetBSD, etc. Furthermore, MGEN is a specific set of software that provides the ability to generate and receive packets through the network base on an input script file. However, the MGEN script is very limited in terms of its flexibility and functionality. For example, packet arrival generation can only be set to either a Periodic or a Poisson Distribution. Therefore, in order to exploit the MGEN's full capability, a Data Flow On command can be further developed. These two distributions do not represent the real time traffic flow in the network. Therefore, our project will involved developing this MGEN code and coding it in C language so that its packet generator pattern will have few more distributions that better represent a network flow. Among the distribution functions we will include are Exponential, Uniform Distribution, Gamma Distribution etc. In addition, the packet size is to be changed from a fixed value to a varying amount of packet sizes. Also, we have to include the Traffic controller so that we will be able to control the new traffic flow generated by different distributions. As a result, the implementation of leaky bucket will be necessary in order to achieve this goal. Strategic Plan Proposed Approach Our first objective is to work on the packet generator module, study and develop the MGEN code, which was coded in C program. We will choose to run and develop our project on SunOS machines. Using the inputs specified by the users, MGEN will generates packets pattern to the network. The second step is to introduce different distribution functions and add them to the source code in the form of modules. So far, the Exponential and Uniform distribution are the two distributions to be added. Depending upon the progress of the project, we might implement more distributions like gamma and normal. At the same time, the code will be written such that users can control and change packet sizes accordingly. The flexibility on packet size is essential because packet size is not constant in the real